One Person Company (OPC) Registration
Run a full company on your own. The One Person Company is India's purpose-built structure for solo entrepreneurs, freelancers, and consultants — combining limited liability, a separate legal identity, and the credibility of a registered company, with just one member and no co-founder required, under the Companies Act, 2013.
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What is a One Person Company (OPC)?
A One Person Company (OPC) is a business structure introduced under the Companies Act, 2013 (Section 2(62)) that allows a single individual to incorporate and own a company with limited liability. Unlike a sole proprietorship, an OPC has a separate legal identity of its own — it can hold property and assets, enter into contracts, open bank accounts, and conduct business entirely in its own name. Only one member (shareholder) and a minimum of one director are needed — and the two can be the same person. A nominee must also be appointed, who steps in to run the company if the sole member passes away or becomes incapacitated.
This structure is ideal for solo founders, consultants, freelancers, and small business owners who want to operate independently while enjoying the legal protection, continuity, and market credibility of a registered company. It bridges the gap between an informal proprietorship and a full Private Limited Company — giving a single entrepreneur a professional, corporate foundation to build and scale on.
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Key Benefits of a One Person Company
Limited Liability Protection
Your personal assets stay protected. As the sole member, your liability is limited strictly to the capital you invest — never to the company's debts or losses.
Separate Legal Identity
The OPC exists as a distinct legal person — it can own property, enter contracts, and sue or be sued entirely in its own name, independent of its owner.
Complete Ownership & Control
With a single member, you retain full ownership and undivided control over management and every business decision — no co-founders or partners required.
Enhanced Business Credibility
A registered OPC builds instant trust with customers, banks, suppliers, and investors, strengthening every commercial relationship you enter into.
Perpetual Succession via Nominee
The company continues uninterrupted through the nominee you appoint at incorporation, ensuring business continuity even if the sole member is unable to act.
Room to Grow Freely
Since the 2021 reforms removed the old turnover and capital caps, an OPC can now scale without any forced conversion — a solid legal base for future expansion and investment.
Lighter Compliance Burden
An OPC is exempt from holding an Annual General Meeting and files a simplified annual return, keeping ongoing compliance leaner than a Private Limited Company.
Tax & Banking Advantages
Access structured tax planning, corporate bank accounts, and the government schemes and incentives available to registered companies.
Eligibility & Requirements
How to Register a One Person Company
Incorporation is governed by the Companies Act, 2013 and filed end-to-end through the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal via the integrated SPICe+ form — no physical presence required.
1Step 1: Obtain Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)
The proposed director obtains a Class 3 DSC to electronically sign the incorporation forms filed with the MCA.
2Step 2: Name Approval via SPICe+ Part A
Reserve your company name through MCA SPICe+ for approval. The name must end with "(OPC) Private Limited".
3Step 3: Appoint Nominee & Prepare Documents
Identify a nominee and obtain their consent in Form INC-3, then draft the Memorandum (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA) and collate member and office KYC.
4Step 4: File SPICe+ Part B with AGILE-PRO
Submit the complete incorporation form with the sole member, director, nominee, and registered-office particulars, including PF/ESIC/GST and bank-account integration.
5Step 5: PAN, TAN & Bank Account
PAN and TAN are allotted automatically on approval; open a current account in the company name to commence operations.
6Step 6: Certificate of Incorporation
The Registrar of Companies (RoC) issues the Certificate of Incorporation bearing your Corporate Identification Number (CIN).
The complete registration process typically takes 7–10 working days, subject to MCA processing time and the completeness of your documentation. Since the 2021 reforms, an OPC can grow without any mandatory conversion once turnover or capital thresholds are crossed.
Documents Required
Member / Director
- PAN Card
- Aadhaar Card
- Passport-size photograph
- Address proof (bank statement / utility bill)
Nominee
- PAN Card of Nominee
- Aadhaar Card of Nominee
- Consent letter in Form INC-3
Registered Office
- Rental Agreement (if rented)
- Property deed (if owned)
- Latest utility bill
- Owner's NOC
Post-Registration Compliance
Annual ROC Filing
File AOC-4 (financial statements) and MGT-7A (the simplified annual return for OPCs) with the MCA every financial year.
Statutory Audit
Appoint a Chartered Accountant as statutory auditor within 30 days of incorporation; the accounts are audited annually.
Income Tax Return
File ITR-6 annually and maintain proper books of account and statutory registers.
Board Meetings
Hold at least one board meeting in each half of the calendar year, with a minimum gap of 90 days between the two. An Annual General Meeting is not required.
Common Questions
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